Canada - Housing Governance
North America - Northern America
Canada has diverse housing policies varying by province, with federal support for affordable housing.
Governance Scores
Data Sources: World Bank, WEF, Heritage Foundation, UNODC | Last Updated: January 14, 2026
🛡️ Public Safety & Justice
Safety Score: 85/100
Based on crime rates, homicide rates, and personal safety indicators.
Homicide Rate: 2.0 per 100,000 people
Justice Score: 86/100
Based on rule of law, judicial independence, access to justice, and legal rights.
Sources: World Bank Governance Indicators, UNODC Global Study on Homicide, Global Peace Index
💼 Business Climate & Economic Freedom
Business Score: 84/100
Overall ease of doing business, regulatory environment, and economic freedom.
📅 Starting a Business
1.5 days to register a new business
Cost: 0.3% of GNI per capita
💰 Tax Environment
Total tax rate: 24.5% of commercial profits
(includes all taxes and mandatory contributions)
🏠 Property Registration
4.0 days to register property
💳 Access to Credit
Credit access score: 100.0/100
Based on credit information depth and legal rights
Sources: World Bank Doing Business (historical), Heritage Foundation Index of Economic Freedom
🛣️ Infrastructure Quality
Overall Score: 85/100
Combined infrastructure quality across transport, digital, and energy.
🚗 Transport
Transport Score: 82.0/100
Roads, rail, ports, airports
📡 Digital
Digital Score: 92.0/100
Internet: 92.0% of population
⚡ Energy
Energy Score: 100.0/100
Electricity reliability: 100.0%
📦 Logistics
Logistics Performance: 84.0/100
Supply chain & customs efficiency
Sources: World Economic Forum Global Competitiveness Index, World Bank Logistics Performance Index, ITU
🏥 Healthcare System
Healthcare Score: 87/100
Overall assessment of healthcare system quality, access, and outcomes.
🩺 Life Expectancy
82.7 years
Average life expectancy at birth
👶 Infant Mortality
4.2 per 1,000 live births
Lower is better
🤰 Maternal Mortality
10 per 100,000 live births
Lower is better
👨⚕️ Physicians
2.8 per 1,000 people
Doctor availability
🛏️ Hospital Beds
2.5 per 1,000 people
Hospital capacity
💰 Health Spending
12.2% of GDP
$5,418 per capita
🏥 Universal Coverage
UHC Index: 89/100
Access to essential health services
Sources: World Health Organization, World Bank Health Indicators, OECD Health Statistics
🎓 Education System
Education Score: 88/100
Overall assessment of education system quality, access, and outcomes.
📚 Literacy Rate
99% of adult population
Can read and write
📖 Years of Schooling
Mean: 13.8 years
Expected: 16.4 years
🏫 Primary Enrollment
100% gross enrollment
Can exceed 100% due to age variations
🎒 Secondary Enrollment
99% gross enrollment
🎓 Tertiary Enrollment
73% gross enrollment
University/college attendance
📝 PISA Score
520 (OECD average: 500)
International student assessment
👩🏫 Pupil-Teacher Ratio
15:1
Students per teacher (lower is better)
💰 Education Spending
5.3% of GDP
Government investment in education
Sources: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, World Bank Education Indicators, OECD PISA
🏠 Housing Quality
Housing Score: 82/100
Comprehensive assessment of housing conditions and accessibility.
Score Components
💰 Affordability (30%)
Price-to-income ratio, rent burden
🏗️ Quality & Conditions
Building standards, housing conditions, structural quality (25% weight)
👥 Overcrowding
Rooms per person, household density (20% weight)
🏚️ Informal Housing
Slum population %, substandard housing (15% weight)
🏕️ Homelessness
Per capita homelessness rates (10% weight)
Sources: OECD Better Life Index, UN-Habitat, World Bank, Numbeo Quality of Life Index
🏛️ Government Performance
Government Score: 82/100
Measures government effectiveness, institutional quality, and public sector performance.
Score Components
📊 Government Effectiveness - Quality of public services and policy implementation
⚖️ Rule of Law - Contract enforcement and property rights
🛡️ Control of Corruption - Public power used for public good
📋 Regulatory Quality - Sound policies for private sector
Source: World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicators (GE.EST, RL.EST, CC.EST, RQ.EST)
📋 Housing Policy Categories
Key areas of housing governance tracked for each country:
🏗️ Building Codes
Construction standards and safety regulations
🏠 Affordable Housing
Access to affordable housing options
📋 Zoning & Land Use
Land use planning and development controls
🏘️ Public Housing
Public/social housing programs
Note: Scores are based on comprehensive analysis of policy effectiveness, implementation quality, and outcomes. Individual policy details are documented in the Housing Policies section below.
Housing Policies
Affordable housing
National Housing Strategy
A 10-year, $55 billion plan to reduce housing need and homelessness, including investments in new affordable housing units.
Effective: November 22, 2017
Last Updated: November 22, 2017
Building codes
National Building Code
The National Building Code of Canada sets minimum standards for building safety, accessibility, and energy efficiency, though provinces can adopt stricter standards.
Effective: January 01, 1941
Last Updated: January 01, 1941